Erikdejong schreef :
Joop66 schreef :
Erikdejong schreef :
In mijn optiek zouden de kielbouten de zwakste schakel moeten zijn, maar met een toerboot moet je gewoon met volle snelheid tegen iets hards kunnen varen zonder structurele schade.
Eens. Maar dit werpt onmiddelijk de vraag op: waar leg je de grens?
Voor een niet planerende boot is de maximale grondberoeringssnelheid gelijk aan de rompsnelheid plus een beetje voor stroom.
Food for thought.
..., a reasonable guarantee against grounding loads has to be included in the strength assessment. A design speed or the charasteristics of a suitable standard grounding case is still to be decided on by the structural community, but a full stop situation in about 3-4 knots without damage could be a base for discussion. During grounding tests performed with the laboratory yacht 'Sail Lab', an angle of around 15° of solid granite rock was surprisingly experienced as full stop.
"Sailing Yacht Design: Theory", Claughton, Wellicome & Shenoi [ed], University of Southampton, 2006 (p177).
It is not practical to calculate the impact force Fi exactly. It depends on the weight and speed of the vessel, as well as the shape of the seabed or rock (which governs the time of retardation) and the shape of the boat (which has great importance regarding the damping of the movement). For now it is sufficient to make some simplifications on the conservative side in order to guarantee the strength, since a slight increase of weight in this area seldom poses any substantial problems.
... it can be seen that the impact force Fi gives a moment in the keel/hull area (Mkl) of 203308 Nm. In order to arrive at this figure and to solve the equations of Fig 12.12, some assumptions have to be made. We assume the boat’s speed to be 8 knots, Vs = 4.11 m/s, and that the time to a full stop (ts) is 0.25 seconds. This equals a ‘stopping-distance’ of approximately half a metre (which is rather a sudden stop) and gives a retardation of ar = Vs / ts ( = 16.46 m/s2).
Load case 4 – longitudinal impact giving a bending moment of the bottom and inner structure – equations 41 and 42. The required bolt diameter is calculated using equation 43. The required bolt diameter refers to the forward bolts being put under tension when grounding. Also in this case the load is rather light, just 1.2 g times the yacht’s mass minus the keel mass. It has been achieved by reverse engineering from actual boats. It is up to the designer to decide if this is good enough. Certainly it is not a crash grounding scenario.
"Principles of Yacht Design", Larsson e.a., International Marine/McGraw-Hill Education, 4th ed., 2014.